This index lists major global incidents between 2000 and 2010 that demonstrate cascading, multi-system systemic failure — where an initial failure triggered widespread impacts across multiple interconnected systems.

2000s Cascading Failure Incidents

YearIncidentOrigin SystemCascading Systems AffectedSeverity
2002–2004SARS EpidemicHealth / Epidemic outbreakGlobal travel, trade, public health, governance, economyCritical
2003Northeast Blackout of 2003Energy / Power gridTransport, communications, economy, emergency servicesCritical
2005Hurricane Katrina (USA, 2005)Climate / extreme weatherFlood / levee systems, energy, housing, governance, economyCritical
2003 / 20052003 Italy BlackoutEnergy / Power gridTransport, communications, economy, interdependent networksHigh
Other yearsAdditional systemic ripple-events (to be added)VariousMultiple

Themes & Lessons (2000–2010)

Recurring structural patterns

  • Interdependency between energy, transport, communications → failure in one cascades across all.
  • Globalisation and networked interconnectivity, especially in health (epidemics) and economy → failures spread internationally.
  • Natural hazards interacting with aging or fragile infrastructure, amplifying impact in unexpected ways.
  • Social, economic and governance systems under strain when infrastructure or environmental shocks hit — showing that resilience requires holistic design, not compartmentalisation.

What this dataset helps reveal

  • Systemic fragility in interdependent networks (e.g. power + transport + communications + social services).
  • How a “local” or “single-system” failure can cascade globally under modern interconnectivity.
  • The need for redundancy, diversity, and “circuit-breakers” in complex systems to avoid cascade.
  • The value of cross-sector analysis (health, climate, infrastructure, economy) when assessing systemic risk.

Next Steps

  • Fill in missing incidents (e.g. major blackouts, epidemics, supply-chain collapses, infrastructure failures) for 2000–2010.
  • Standardize frontmatter metadata (tags, severity, cascading systems).
  • Render a “map of failures” page in Quartz, with filters by origin system, year, severity, affected systems.